Method op welding



Feb. 23, 1926. Re. 16,276

s. c. CARY 1 I v "METHODQF WELDING Original Filed Ap 6, 1916 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J v 1 1 INVENTOR,

1 PENCEQ CARY,

ATTORNEY? Feb. 23 ,19 26; v. Re. 16,276"

1 S. C. CARY METHOD OF WELD-ING Original Filed April 6,1916 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 PROPRIETORL fiE'A/CEQ C 04K A TTORNEY Reissued Feb 23, 1192c.

.; ITED-STATES SPENCER CARY, OF BROOKLYN, YORK A SSIGNOETO CARY MANUFACTURING 00., OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

METHOD OF WELDING.

PATENT :TOFFICE'.

Orig'inaI No. '1,326,912, dated January 3, 1920,1Seria1No.'--fl9,289, filed a rii- 6, 1916. a li ation for reissue filed October 27,

T all whom it may concern:

v .Be it, kiio'wn'that I, SPENCER (3. (limit, a

citizen of the United States, residing at the city of New. York, borough of Brooklyn,

county of Kings,'- and State of New York,

have invented a certain new and useful is a specification. I This 1I1V8I1t-l0 11 is a method of .Method of \Vclding, of which the following weldi ng, tlie Q sai1 ie:;being.useful i i the union of. thin sheet iron in'the condition inwhich saidsheets are to be obtained in the market; and itsper-T tains, 'more particularly, tofthe production 1 0 poses," such as in strapping boxes, barrels,

' shocks, and ot'herfpackages, but it is not desiredtoirestrict the"invention to the 'l'flalflp fact-tire offbox strapping, for therea-son that said invention, in a broad aspect, maybe.

employed generally. for Welding sheet metal, said ivelded sheets being-adapted for'various industrial.purposes-suclr'as in the manufac ""ture of sheet metal hoops', or the like."

a The'obj'ects of the invention are, first, to

obtain'a rigid perfect union between the marginal portions of. the assembled metal sheets, tothe vend that'the metal at the Welds will betequal substantially tothe thickness "or gage of the sheets, the strength of the Weld being equal to the strength, of the sheets, andjmay, in fact, exceed the strengthoftheshets; second, to perform t lieifarious operations quickly 'and' ,acc i irately sofas to obtain marked economy-jot manufacture.

' rolled sheet iron in thecondition' in which it exists wqhen sold in the open market canoxidized by exposure to the atmosphere, and upon heating the marginal port on of the sheets prior, to or duringithe Welding opera-,

' tion, the -.surface' oxidization or scale becomes loosened and-flakes off. The presence of the metallic scale or.fiake's in the joint iiiipai'i's to a serious extent the Weld between the marginal portionsot'the sheets, and in fact precludes the Welding together of said o'f'narrow continuous bands, the same being ,Experiments extending, "through, many". ,yeai's haveshown conclusively that thin I not; belsucjcessively .weld'ed, for the reason that the surface of the sheet becomes- 192a. Serial no; 420,019. 3

them beingthe operationknownas pick-1 ling the sheet nietal,-but obviously the use of the" pickling bath requires time, care and labor, so-that it'is' not economical to such ,an extent as to commend it tothe metal Working trade, and,- furthermore, the exposure of the pickledsheets to the atmos .phere during transit betWen the rolling mill and the locality at which the sheets are to utilized {results the undesirable oxidization so that, as} a general result, the

metal-Will scale or flake when Welded.

Iliave discovered and'invented a mode of procedure whereby the thin rolled -metal sheets of commerce are-perfectly Welded at the marginal portions thereof. Tothis end, the sheets'to be welded are subjected to .such'treatment at their marginal portions as to el minatethe oxidization and to preclude the formation of scale during the iveldingoperation. In my preferred mode ofaprocedure, thescale or surface oxidizajt1on isremoved by sand blasting both sides of theedgesof the sheets, lappingthe edges -of the two sheets, pressing the lapped edges,

and passing a -currentthrough the sand blasted portions of the sheets to continuously weld t-helapped portions. f V

.The invention'consists, further, in a process of Welding sheets-to form a continuous band, consisting insand-blasting both sides oi'tlie edges of the sheets, lapping the edges oftlie t-Wo sheets, pressing tlielapped edges,

and passing a current through the sand blasted portions of the sheets to continuously weld the lapped. edges, and cutting the welded sheets into narrow strips;

' The invention consists, further, in positionin'g the marginal portions of a sheet or sheets n lapping relation, subjecting said lapping margins to electrical. heat for ren-' ering'. the metal'plastic or'substantiallyso and concurrently with the heatingof said marginal portions, the metal softened by heat, is pressed by the action of a traversing roll the pressure so applied-serving to form the Weld and reducing the thickness ofsaid weld to substantially the thickness of the sheet.

" I Other features and advantages of the mined width.

invention will appear-from the "following detailed 4 description taken in connection with the drawings, wherein Y Figure 1 is a plan View illustrating the operation of cutting the disconnected or separated sheets into lengths of predeter- Figu're 2 is aside elevation of the means and material illustrated in Figure 1. i

Figure 3 is a plan view illustrating the the operation of removing the surface oxidization from a cut length of metal in order to prepare the latterfor the welding operation. Figure 4 is a-side elevation'of two nozzles positioned and operating to direct sand blasts againstthe respective surfaces of a, length of sheet metal for the purpose of removing the surface oxidization along the marginal portion of said sheet metal length; Figure 5 is an elevation illustrating the eperation of applying pressure and heat to lapped portions of' two pieces of metal in order to weld the same.

Figurefi is an elevation partly in section illustrating a preferred means for electrically welding the'marginal portions =of'two pieces ofsheet metal.

Figure 7 is an elevation partly in section, illustrating means for applying a 'non'oxidizable coating to a series of narrow bands simultaneously, and, for conducting said i bands through a. drying chamber for the purpose of drying and baking the coating or enamel'appliedthereto, and illustrating, also, means whereby aseri'es ofcoated and dried bands are adapted to be wound into compact bundles. Y

Figure v8 is plan view illustrating in part means for slitting the welded strips so as to' produce a series of narrow bands or stra'ppmg,,means for separating the narrow bands or strapping and means for applying simultaneously a nonoxidizablecoating to the individual narrow bands or strapping. 1 g

. Figure 9-is anelevation of the welded strip slitting mechanism the position of which is illustrated p-artlyin Figure 8. V In the accompanving drawings I have illustrated, and will hereafter describe, my

invention as adapted for theproduction of narrow coated bands or strips of sheet metal, but it is to be distinctly understood that parts of the invention may be used without the whole-so that in a broad aspect the in- 1 vention pertains to the process of welding I and, more particularly, to. welding sheet metal.

As is wellknown to those skilled in the art, sheet metal is ordinarily rolled, either by'the hot- .rolling process or by a cold ro-lling process, and said'sh'eets are stacked orpiled one upon the other and tiedi by one form of means or another into'an elongated a-nism C. The sheets are fed individually,

as at A in Figures 1 and 2 to said cutting mechanism C, the cutters of which are positioned to trim the longitudinal side edges of each sheet and to sever said sheet longitudinally on predetermined lines indicated at a, whereb-ythe sheet is cut lengthwise to produce a series of strips'A each strip being equal in length to the sheet from which it was cut and being uniform in width, and,

preferably, the width of one strip is the same as that of-the other strips cut from the sheet. The cutting mechanism C is shown as two series of disks 0, 0., each series being mounted on a shaft o which is driven by suitable means, but it is evident that any appropriate form of cutting mechanism may be substituted for the one herein shown.

Subsequent to the operation of slitting tion. it is preferred to use a-noz'zle, *orY nozzles, for directing a sand blast or Sandblasts against the surfaces of the strip A As shown more particularly in Figilre 4, nozzles D, D. are positioned to direct blasts of sand, as d, against the surfaces of the strip' A each nozzle being movable by' suitable mechanism,as d, so as todirect the v sand blast crosswise of the strip and to limit the fieldv or zone of thesan d blast to the desiredxnarrow marginal portion 1) of the stripA h Thenozzles D, D are positioned above and below the strip A so that the sand blasts d a-redirected against the narrow marginal portion 3) of said strip. As, shown, each nozzle D or D is {supplied with sand and a blast of airunder; suitable pressure through flexible tubes la-and it is preferred incarrying out this sand blasting operation to retain the strip A in a stationary position and to conduct said op- Y geratiou within a closed chamber adapted vto collect the sand. The pressure of airgis sufficient to direct the sand against the oxidized surface of I the. metal with such fcrce as to abrad-e the surface, whereby the blast acts by mechanical attrition to cut away. the surface oxidation and to expose the raw or non-oxidized metal at the narrow marginal portion b. Although I have de-f scribedthat the nozzles D, D are movable-- and the strip A 15 stationary, yet it'isapthe commercial sheet into strips as described,

' should be a .relative movement bety'jvee'n the be manifest that either mode-oftreatlnent may be utilized 'forfllthe reason that there material-and'th'e sand blast -nozzlesi -*When f the metal is treated by sand blasting the is' not necessary to ickle the metal,- where by the expense of. t e pickling operation is saved and the sheets or-strips are'prepared rapidly and economically-just ,prior .to the welding operation so as toefi'ect the -"union of the sheets rapidly andfby continuous welds; v i The strips A areassembled for tbe sand g blasted marginal portionsfbthereof to; be adjacent each other, and" in Figure =5--- said strips .A are shown-as being positioned in lapping relation along the marginal sandblasted portions b thereof, whereby welding simultaneously applyingthe welding heat;

heat and1 pre ssure may be applied to the lapped sand-blasted margins of the sheets in order to effect. the union ofsaid sheets I by continuous welds.

Various means may "be employed for.

and pressure, but it is preferred to employ a pair'of cooperating rolls E, E ,and to use means for supplymg a welding current to said rolls',.whereby"the rolls may be pper'at'ed by imparting ai traversing movem'ent thereto'in order to eflect the union of the sheets along the marginal'portions thereof.- It will be understood that the rolls E, E"

apply mechanical pressure -to the "margins of the sheets. and that theelectrical current is applied through said rolls in order to heat the-margins of the sheet to the point of plasticity, said application of-pressure and of thewelding cui'reno'taking place simultaneously, whereby a single traversing movement of the rolls crosswise ofthe sheets and in contact withthe marginal portions thereof effects the union of the sheets by welding them. together at one operation.

' .As showii, the two rolls E, E are capable ot a traversing movement and the welding f'current is supplied to one roll, passes.

through the margins of the sheets, and flows into the other roll so as to complete the electric circuit, but I reserve the right of employing any suitable electric welding mechanism to effect the application of heat I and pressure simultaneously.

As shown more particularly in Eigure 6," ,the uppen IOll'E is carried on avibrating arm 6 pivoted at e to a standards the latter having an arm 6 on which is journaled the'lower roll E". Said standard is afiixed' to a slidingbedF- moving in a suitable guideway f of a table G, whereby the two rolls E, E'= are carried by a single element 12 of the other piece.

so" as to move. simultaneouslyacrossthe two.

on a'post h of the bed plate .13. so that the.

rotative' movement of the feed screwacts I v M upon the nut to impart the'traversing mdv' marginal portions of the sheet or strip, it;

ment to the bed'and the current-carrying pressur rolls. In the .position'shown in Figure 6, the roll. E is separate from the -roll,E, but the bed plate begins its movement means are provided for actuationbv the feed'screw in order toprcssthe roll E toward the roll E'iso. that the. two rolls cooperate to apply the required pressure to ..the pieces to be welded. The means illus- ;trated -.for impartingthe lateral movement .to roll E relatively. to roll E is a bcllcrank I 'fulcrumed' on aPOst z" of'the table G, and

to'one arm of this lo'ellcr'ahk is'co-nnectcd a -1 link i operated by the adyancing movement of the nut H, whereas to the other arni o-t" 1 the bellcran'k is connected a spring cushioned rod 2?, the upper end of which is-furnished with a collar i positioned to contact with the lever ,e which carries the uppenro'll E.

It is apparent 7 that suitable electrical iheans areemployed for supplying-the welding current" to the rolls E', E',',a;nd,in Figure 6 there isshown diagrammatically the electrical "equipment A generator; ,J, feeds cprrentto the-mains j, j which are electrically connected with the rolls E, E; respectiye and when the apparatus is need the circuit closed by bringing the roll E into contact with the metal which'rests upon the roll E,-thereby supplying the current required to softcn the metal at the =lapped margins of: the "two pieces to 'be After=the pieces o'f'm'etal to bewelded "shall have been sand blastedat 72, said pieces are positioned adjacent to the-rolls E, E, and with the marginal portion 6 of one piece in lapping relation to the marginal portion The lowermost piece is in" electrical contact with the: roll E. but,

i the ro'll qE is mechanically separated from contact 'with the'metah When power is applied to the feed screw G, the bellcrank I is operated to turn the lever eand move the rollEinto' contactwith the metaL'thus establishing a flow of current from roll E through tlie metal to. the roll-E1, and the feedscrew G imparts movement through the nut to the sliding bed F so as'to move the rolls E, E/ac'rossthe pieces to be welded,

the direction of said roll Ebeinfr in the plane of the'lapped sand-blasted portions of the two pieces A As the rollsco'mplcte their traversing movement, the roll E is separated from, or elevated with respect to, the roll E, and the bed F is moved -rearmil wardly so as to withdraw the rolls from the' The welded strips or sheets are )y the next )cration of the mechanism to. the correspon ing edge portion of another detached sheet.

The weld iscontinuous across the strips or sheets, and by preparing the marginal portions of the sheets as heretofore described I am enabled to so effectually weld theinetalat the margins of the sheets that the sheets are stronger at the-welded 'jeints 'than at other parts thereof. At the same time the application of the welding current softens the marginsof the sheet so as to render the same plastic. and the pressure of the rolls displaces the metal in such manner that the weld is rolled to a thickness equal substantially to the thickness (gage) of the slieet,the resulting joint being practically invisible, said weld being characterizedby a freedom from irregularities or roughness at the surfaces and the edge portionsofthe welded sheets. The Welding opera- ,tion is performed not only .very effectually and thoroughly, but itis. carried out expeditiously for'the reason that it- 1s necessary to impart a traversing movement only once to the current-carrying pressure rolls;

-The welded strips or sheets are fed to slitting mechanism. K, one form of which is shown .in'Figures 8 and 9, wherebythe welded sheets or strips are cut longitudinally on of narrow bands A The slitting mechanism is shown inFigure 9 as consisting of. shafts is positioned one below the other and each provided with a driving pulley 7c, the

upper shaft having a series of rotary knives which cooperate with similar knives 10 on the lower shaft, whereby; the two series I of rotating knives operate upon'the welded thereafter conduct the bands through a heatstrips or sheets .to simultaneously out there-' from a series of the narrow bands A The manipulation of the metal in accord ance with this inventionanay cease when compact bundles so as to render thebands suitablefor'use as box strapping, etc. It is preferred, however, to continue the treat.- ment by applying a non-oxidablefcoating to the series -of bandssimultaneously, and to ing chamber in order. to dry' orbake the enamel coat1ng,'the operations of coating and baking sa d coating on thehands being performed priorto the winding of thebands into distinct bundles. In accordance' with th s form of the invention, the bands A? are. conducted between suitable separating guides-L positionedand operating to separate the bands from each other. All the bands run over a guideroller Z of a coating tank M having another guide roller m. This tank contains a'bath of the coating material which may be in the form of a apannmgcomposition or of an enamel, said compositionbeing stored within a closed tank and beneath the similar roll m, whereby all the bands are immersed in thecoating 'composition of the tank. After the coating is applied the bands are conducted upwardly through a heating chamber P, the same being, equipped witlrgas burners p or an suitable devices for maintaininga desire temperature within the chamber, whereby the coating applied to the bands is dried or. baked upon the metal. The bands A run upwardly through the. chamber, over anoverhead guide pulley; gand thence downwardly beneath a guide pulley g positioned within a compartment-of the heating chamber, oneside of said chamber being shown as having an openingq through which runs the series of bands, Said bands. are finally conducted to acoiling mechanism Q, the

"same consisting, preferably, of independent reels mounted on ashaft 1", whereby the sevposes. 7

It is'thought that the operation and advantages of theinvention ,will be readily understood and ap reciated by those skilled inlthe'art from t e foregoing description taken in connection with the drawings. "Having thus fully described the invention,

. what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentais;

eral bands are wound into compact bundles suitable for industrial or commercial pura plurality of lines so, as to produeea series 1'. Theprocess off-welding metallic sheets to form a continuous sheet, consisting in sand blastingboth sides of the edges of the .sheets, lapping the edges of the two sheets,

pressing the lapped edges and passing a current through the sand blasted portions of the sheets to continuously weld'the lapped,

portions. 7

2. The process of welding metallic sheets, to form -a continuous band, consisting in .sand blasting both sides of the edges of the sheets, lapping the edges of the two sheets,

pressing the lapped edges and'passing a current through the sand blasted portions of the sheets to continuously. weld the lapped edges, and cutting the welded sheets into narrow strips.

'3. "In the art of electricallywelding sheet metal, the process which consists in lapping i the marginal portions. of the metal to be welded, passing an electric current through said lapped margins and eoncurrentlyther'ewith subjecting said lapped marglns to 5 rolling pressure for continuously welding saidmargins and reducing the cross sectional thickness of the resulting weld sub stantially to the thickness of the sheet.

. 4. In the art of electrically Welding sheet metal, the process which consists in lapping the-marginal portions of the metal to be welded, passing an electric current through said lapped marginal portions for softening the same'by electric heat, and concurrently therewith imparting 'a traversing movement to a roller electrode for applying pressure to weld the lapped margins continuously and for rolling the seam to the cross sectional thickness substantially of the sheet metal.

v 5, In the art of electrically weldingsheet metal, the process which consists in lapping the marginal'portions of the metalto be Welded, heating said lapped marginal portions by passing an electric current therethrough and concurrently with said heating,

rolling the lapped margins for continuously welding the same and reducing the cross sectional thickness of said continuous seam weld to approximately the thickness of the sheet metal.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 26th day of October, 1920. I

SPENCER o. GARY.- 

